# Install Help Screens

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### Language Selection

Choose the language you would like to use during this &RHL; installation.

### Language Support Selection

Select a language to use as the default language. The default language will be the language used on your &RHL; system once installation is complete. If you choose to install other languages, it is possible to change the default language after the installation.

&RHL; can alternately install and support several languages. To use more than one language on your system, choose specific languages to be installed, or select all languages to have all available languages installed on your &RHL; system.

Use the Reset button to cancel your selections.

### Keyboard Configuration

Choose your exact keyboard model if it is listed. If you cannot find an exact match, choose the closest Generic match (for example, Generic 101-key PC).

Hint: A 101-key keyboard is a generic keyboard. A 104-key or 105-key keyboard is a keyboard designed to work with MS Windows 95 and features Windows-specific keys.

Choose the layout type for your keyboard (for example, U.S. English).

Entering special characters (such as Ñ, Ô, and Ç) is done using "dead keys" (or compose key sequences). If you wish to use special characters requiring the use of dead keys, select Enable dead keys. If not, select Disable dead keys.

Use the blank text field at the bottom of the screen to test your keyboard configuration.

### Mouse Configuration

Choose the correct mouse type for your system.

Do you have a PS/2, Bus or serial mouse? (Hint: If the connector your mouse plugs into is round, it is a PS/2 or a Bus mouse; if rectangular, it is a serial mouse.)

Try to find an exact match. If an exact match cannot be found, choose one which is compatible with yours. Otherwise, choose the appropriate Generic mouse type.

If you have a serial mouse, pick the device and port it is connected to in the next box.

In &RHL;, the graphical environment (X Window System) is designed to make use of a three-button mouse. If you have a two-button mouse, select the Emulate 3 buttons option. After the installation, you can click both mouse buttons at once to act as the middle mouse button.

### Welcome to Vine Linux

Welcome! This installation process is outlined in detail in the &RHLIG; available from &RHI;. Please read through the entire manual before you begin this installation process.

HTML and PDF copies of the manual are available online at http://vinelinux.org. There is also an HTML copy on the &RHL; CD set.

If you have purchased the Official &RHL; boxed set, be sure to register your product through our website (vinelinux.org/).

Throughout this installation, you will be able to use your mouse to choose different options. You can also navigate the installation using the Tab and Enter keys.

Use the Next and Back buttons to progress through these screens. Click Next to save the information and proceed to the next screen; click Back to move to the previous screen without saving any information.

To minimize this help screen, click on the Hide Help button.

The release notes for &RHL; &RHLVER; provide an overview of features that may not have been available for documentation. To view the release notes, click the Release Notes button and a new screen will appear. Click Close to close the release notes and return to the installation program.

You can cancel this installation any time before the Preparing to Install screen. When you click Next on Preparing to Install, package installation will begin and data will be written to your hard drive. To cancel before this screen, you can safely reboot your system (using the reset button, or Ctrl Alt Del ).

### Welcome to Vine Linux

You have entered reconfiguration mode, which will allow you to configure site-specific features of your computer. To exit without changing your setup, select 'No' and press the Next button below.

Throughout this configuration, you will be able to use your mouse to choose different options. You can also navigate the configuration using the Tab and Enter keys.

Use the Next and Back buttons to navigate through these screens. Click Next to save the information and proceed to the next screen; click Back to move to the previous screen without saving any information.

To minimize the help screen, click on the Hide Help button.

### Install Options

Choose whether you would like to perform a full installation or an upgrade.

A full installation will destroy any previously saved information on the selected partitions.

An upgrade will preserve existing &RHL; system data.

If you want to perform a full installation, you must choose the class (or type) of the installation. Your options (Workstation, Server, Laptop, or Custom) are discussed briefly below.

A workstation installation will create a system for your home or desktop use. A graphical, Windows-like environment will be installed.

If you want your system to function as a Linux-based server, and do not want to heavily customize your system configuration or install the X Window System (a graphical environment), a server system installation is most appropriate.

A Laptop installation will install the same packages (applications) as a workstation installation. Additionally, PCMCIA support has been added to this installation class.

Only the custom system installation gives you complete flexibility. You have complete control over the packages that will be installed on your system. You can also determine whether you will use LILO to boot your system. Unless you have prior Linux experience, you should not select the custom-class installation method.

For more information concerning the differences among these installation classes, refer to the &RHLIG;.

### Upgrading Your System

Once you have chosen to upgrade, you can also decide whether you want to customize your packages.

If you do not want to select additional packages for upgrade, click Next to continue.

To customize your packages, select the Customize packages to be upgraded button and then click Next.

### Filesystem Conversion

By performing an upgrade, you can migrate (or convert) your existing ext2 filesystem to an ext3 filesystem. This operation will preserve your existing files.

The advantage of migrating to ext3 is that you will have journaling filesystem capabilities. The ext3 filesystem do not have to be fscked after an unexpected reboot, unlike the ext2 filesystem. This can drastically reduce the amount of time for the system to come back up and be ready to use.

It is therefore recommended that you choose to convert your filesystems.

To do so, select the partitions to migrate to ext3.

When you are done, click Next to move forward.

### Using fdisk

Select which drive you want to partition. When you click on the drive, you will be presented with the fdisk partitioning screen. You may then use fdisk to create, delete, or modify partitions on the selected hard drive.

If you decide that you do not want to use fdisk, click Back to return to the previous screen, deselect Use fdisk, and click Next to continue.

Once you have partitioned the drive using fdisk, you will return to this screen. If you have another hard drive that you would like to partition using fdisk, select it. Otherwise, click Next to assign mount points to your partitions using Disk Druid.

### Partitioning With fdisk

Here, you can partition your drive with fdisk.

For help, type `m` at the prompt for a list of commands.

Some quick commands to get you started:

- `n` - Adds a new partition.

- `d` - Deletes a partition.

- `p` - Prints out the partition table.

- `l` - Lists known partition types.

- `w` - Writes partition table to disk and exits fdisk.

- `q` - Quits without saving any changes.

### Boot Partition Warning

This screen only appears when your boot partition has exceeded the 1023 cylinder limit during partitioning.

Not all motherboards which claim LBA32 support work properly at this time.

It is highly recommended that you create a boot floppy if you wish to proceed. Otherwise, you may not be able to boot into &RHL; once the installation is complete.

### Choosing Your Partitioning Strategy

One of the largest obstacles for a new user during a Linux installation is partitioning. &RHL; makes this process much simpler by providing an option for automatic partitioning.

By selecting automatic partitioning, you will not have to use partitioning tools to assign mount points, create partitions, or allocate space for your installation.

To partition manually, choose either the Disk Druid or fdisk (recommended for experts only) partitioning tool.

Use the Back button to choose a different installation, or choose Next if you want to proceed with this installation.

### Automatic Partitioning

Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what data is removed (if any) from your system.

To remove only Linux partitions (partitions created from a previous Linux installation), select Remove all Linux partitions.

To remove all partitions on your hard drive(s) (this includes partitions created by other operating systems such as Windows 95/98/NT/2000), select Remove all partitions.

To retain your current data and partitions, assuming you have enough free space available on your hard drive(s), select Keep all partitions and use existing free space.

Using your mouse, choose the hard drive(s) you want &RHL; to be installed on. If you have multiple hard drives, you can choose which hard drive(s) should contain this installation. Unselected hard drives, and any data on them, will not be touched.

You can review and make any necessary changes to the partitions created by automatic partitioning by selecting the Review option.

Select Next to proceed.

### Partitions

Choose where you would like &RHL; to be installed.

If you do not know how to partition your system, please read the section on partitioning in the &RHLIG;.

If you used automatic partitioning, you can either accept the current partition settings (click Next), or modify the setup using Disk Druid, the manual partitioning tool.

If you just finished partitioning with fdisk, you must define mount points for your partitions. Use the Edit button, once you have chosen a partition, to define its mount point.

If you are manually partitioning your system (using Disk Druid), you will see your current hard drive(s) and partitions displayed below. Use the partitioning tool to add, edit, or delete partitions for your system.

Note, you must create a root (/) partition before you can proceed with this installation. If you do not create a root partition, the installation program will not know where to install &RHL;.

#### Partitioning

The graphical representation of your hard drive(s) allows you to see how much space has been dedicated to the various partitions created.

Below the graphical representation, you will see a filesystem hierarchy showing your existing partitions. Using your mouse, click once to highlight a partition or double-click the partition to edit it.

#### Partitioning Your System

The center row of buttons controls the partitioning tool's actions. You can add, edit, and delete partitions here. In addition, there are buttons you can use to accept the changes you have made, or to reset and exit the partitioning tool.

`New:` Use this button to create a new partition. A dialog box will appear containing fields that must be filled in (such as mount point, filesystem type, drive that the partition should exist on, size, and so on).

`Edit:` Use this button to change the mount point of a currently selected partition. You can also manually create a partition by editing free space (if available). Editing free space in this sense is similar to using fdisk in that you can choose where the partition begins and ends within that free space.

`Delete:` Use this button to delete a partition.

`Reset:` Use this button to cancel your changes.

`Make RAID:` Use the Make RAID button ONLY if you have experience using RAID. To learn more about RAID, refer to the &RHLCGS;. To make a RAID device, you must first create software RAID partitions. Once you have created two or more software RAID partitions, select Make RAID to join the software RAID partitions into a RAID device.

### Filesystem Configuration

First, choose a root filesystem size value, if you do not want to accept the default value. The root filesystem default is one-half of the available free space.

Swap space defaults to 32 megabytes, but you can make it larger if necessary.

### Boot Loader Installation

New to &RHL; &RHLVER;, LILO is a software boot loader that can be used to start &RHL; on your computer. It can also start other operating systems, such as Windows 9x. Here, you'll be asked how (or whether) you want to configure a boot loader.

To install a boot loader, select where you want to install it. If your system will use only &RHL; you should choose the Master Boot Record (MBR). For systems on which Win95/98 and &RHL; will reside on a single hard drive, you should also install the boot loader to the MBR.

If you have Windows NT (and you want a boot loader to be installed) you should choose to install it on the first sector of the boot partition.

If you wish to add default options to the boot command, enter them into the kernel parameters field. Any options you enter will be passed to the Linux kernel every time it boots.

You can choose the default boot image. This means you can choose which OS (if you have more than one) you system will boot into. Select the preferred partition and then select Default boot image to choose your default bootable OS. You will not be able to move forward in the installation unless you choose a default boot image.

Boot Label: Every bootable partition is listed and labeled (under the Boot Label listing at the bottom of the screen), including partitions used by other operating systems. If you would like to add boot labels for other partitions (or change existing boot labels), click once on the partition to select it. Once selected, you can change the boot label in the field above it.

### GRUB Password

Now that you have chosen to install GRUB as your boot loader, you should create a password to protect your system. Users can pass options to the kernel which can compromise your system security.

To enhance your system security, you should select Use a Grub Password.

Once selected, enter in a password and then confirm it.

### SILO Configuration

SILO, the Sparc Improved LOader, is the software that can be used to start Vine Linux on your computer. It can also start other operating systems, such as SunOS and Solaris. Here, you will be asked how (or whether) you want to configure SILO.

Create boot disk: You should create a boot disk if you are not installing SILO at all or if you want it for safety reasons. If you do not have a floppy this option will be hidden, if you have a SMCC manufactured Ultra which usually do not have floppies which can be booted, this option will default to disabled.

Do not install SILO: You can choose to skip SILO if you do not want to write SILO to your drive, e.g. if you have SILO already installed on a different partition or disk and want to boot from there.

To install SILO, select where you want to install it. If your system will use only Vine Linux you should probably choose the Master Boot Record (Boot Block of the first partition on the disk). For systems where SunOS/Solaris and Vine Linux will reside on a single hard drive, you should probably not install SILO into the MBR, especially if SunOS/Solaris is on the first partition of the disk.

If you choose not to install SILO for ANY reason, please make a boot disk so you can boot Vine Linux.

Create PROM alias: The installation program can create a PROM alias "linux" if the PROM supports it, so that you can boot into the SILO boot loader from the PROM command line by the command "boot linux".

Set default PROM boot device: The installation program can make sure the PROM will boot by default into the Vine Linux installation program by setting PROM option "boot-device" or "boot-from".

If you wish to add default options to the SILO boot command, enter them into the kernel parameters field. Any options you enter will be passed to the Linux kernel every time it boots.

Bootable Partition - Every bootable partition is listed and labeled, including partitions used by other operating systems. If you would like to add boot labels for other partitions (or change existing boot labels), click once on the partition to select it. Once selected, you can change the boot label.

### Network Configuration

Choose your network card and whether you would like to configure using DHCP. If you have multiple Ethernet devices, each device will have its own configuration screen. You can switch between device screens, (for example eth0 and eth1); the information you give will be specific to each screen. If you select Activate on boot, your network card will be started when you boot.

If you do not have DHCP client access or are unsure as to what this information is, please contact your Network Administrator.

Next enter, where applicable, the IP Address, Netmask, Network, and Broadcast addresses. If you are unsure about any of these, contact your Network Administrator.

Enter in a hostname for your system. If you do not, your system will be known as "localhost."

Finally, enter the Gateway address and the Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary DNS addresses.

### Firewall Configuration

&RHL; also offers you firewall protection for enhanced system security. A firewall sits between your computer and the network, and determines which resources on your computer remote users on the network are able to access. A properly configured firewall can greatly increase the out-of-the-box security of your system.

Choose the appropriate security level for your system.

High Security - By choosing High Security, your system will not accept connections that are not explicitly defined by you. By default, only the following connections are allowed:

- DNS replies

- DHCP - so any network interfaces that use DHCP can be properly configured.

Using this High Security will not allow the following:

- Active mode FTP (Passive mode FTP, used by default in most clients, should work fine.)

- IRC DCC file transfers

- RealAudio(tm)

- Remote X Window System clients

If you are connecting your system to the Internet, but do not plan to run a server, this is the safest choice. If additional services are needed, you can choose Customize to allow specific services through the firewall.

Medium Security - Choosing Medium Security will not allow your system to have access to certain resources. By default, access to the following resources are not allowed:

- ports lower than 1023 - these are the standard reserved ports, used by most system services, such as FTP, SSH, telnet, and HTTP.

- NFS server port (2049)

- the local X Window System display for remote X clients

- the X Font server port (This is disabled by default in the font server.)

If you want to allow resources such as RealAudio(tm), while still blocking access to normal system services, choose Medium Security. You can choose Customize to allow specific services through the firewall.

No Firewall - No firewall allows complete access and does no security checking. It is recommended that this only be selected if you are running on a trusted network (not the Internet), or if you plan to do more detailed firewall configuration later.

Unless you plan to customize your firewall, make sure Use default firewall rules is selected.

Choose Customize to add trusted devices or to allow additional incoming interfaces.

Trusted Devices - Checking these for any of your devices allows all traffic coming from that device to be allowed.

It is not recommended to enable this for devices that are connected to public networks, such as the Internet.

Allow Incoming - Enabling these options allow the specified services to pass through the firewall. Note, during a workstation-class installation, the majority of these services are not present on the system.

- DHCP - This allows DHCP queries and replies, and allows any network interfaces that use DHCP determine their IP address. DHCP is normally enabled.

- SSH - Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol for logging into and executing commands on remote machines. It provides secure encrypted communications.

- Telnet - Telnet is a protocol for logging into remote machines. It is unencrypted, and provides little security from network snooping attacks.

- WWW (HTTP) - HTTP is the protocol used by Apache to serve Web pages. If you plan on making your Web server publicly available, enable this option.

- Mail (SMTP) - This allows incoming SMTP mail delivery. If you need to allow remote hosts to connect directly to your machine to deliver mail, enable this option. Do not enable this if you collect your mail from your ISP's server by POP3 or IMAP, or if you use a tool such as fetchmail. Note that an improperly configured SMTP server can allow remote machines to use your server to send spam.

- FTP - FTP is a protocol used for remote file transfer. If you plan on making your FTP server publicly available, enable this option.

Other ports - You can specify that other ports not listed here be allowed through the firewall. The format to use is 'port:protocol'.

### Time Zone Selection

You can set your time zone either by selecting your computer's physical location, or by your time zone's offset from Universal Coordinated Time (also known as UTC).

Notice the two tabs at the top of the screen. The first tab offers you the ability to configure by location. With this option, you can choose your view. In choosing View, your options are: World, North America, South America, Pacific Rim, Europe, Africa, and Asia.

From the interactive map, you can click on a specific city, as indicated by the yellow dots, and a red X will appear at your selection.

You can also scroll through the city list and choose your desired time zone.

The second tab offers you the ability to use the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) offset. Here, you will find a list of offsets for you to choose from, as well as an option to set Daylight-Saving Time.

For both tabs, there is the option of selecting System Clock uses UTC. (UTC, also known as GMT, will allow your system to properly handle daylight-saving time.) Please select this if your computer's hardware clock is set to UTC (instead of being set to your local time).

### Account Configuration

`Note:` Setting up a root account and password is one of the most important steps during your installation. Your root account enables you to install packages, upgrade RPMs and do most system maintenance. Logging in as root gives you complete control over your system and is very powerful.

Use the root account only for administration. Create a non-root account for your general use and `su -` to gain root access when you need to fix something quickly. These basic rules will minimize the chances of a typo or incorrect command doing damage to your system.

Enter a password for the root account. The password must be at least six characters in length. Confirm the password by re-entering the password in the second entry field.

Make the root password something you can remember, but not something that is easy for someone else to guess. Do not write down this or any password you create.

Next, create a user account.

Click the Add button to create a user account. Enter the user name and the full name of the user. Next, create a password for that user account and confirm it. Press OK to add this user account. Your account information will then be added to the account list.

Other user accounts can be created by the same process.

You can also edit or delete the user accounts you have created, by selecting an account and using the Edit or Delete buttons.

### Authentication Configuration

You can skip this section if you will not be setting up network passwords. If you are unsure, ask your system administrator for assistance.

Unless you are setting up an NIS password, you will notice that both MD5 and shadow are selected. Using both will make your system as secure as possible.

- Enable MD5 Passwords - allows a long password to be used (up to 256 characters).

- Use Shadow Passwords - provides a very secure method of retaining passwords for you.

- Enable NIS - allows you to run a group of computers in the same Network Information Service domain with a common password and group file. There are two options here to choose from:

  Note: To configure the NIS option, you must be connected to an NIS network. If you are unsure whether you are connected to an NIS network, please ask your system administrator.

  - NIS Domain - this option allows you to specify which domain or group of computers your system will belong to.

  - NIS Server - this option causes your computer to use a specific NIS server, rather than "broadcasting" a message to the local area network asking for any available server to host your system.

- Enable LDAP - LDAP consolidates certain types of information within your organization. There are three options to choose from here:

  - LDAP Server - this option allows you to access a server running the LDAP protocol.

  - LDAP Base DN - this option allows you to look up user information by its Distinguished Name (DN).

  - Use TLS (Transport Layer Security) lookups - this option allows LDAP to send encrypted user names and passwords to an LDAP server before authentication.

- Enable Kerberos - Kerberos is a secure system for providing network authentication services. There are three options to choose from here:

  - Realm - this option allows you to access a network that uses Kerberos, composed of one or a few servers (also known as KDCs) and a (potentially very large) number of clients.

  - KDC - this option allows you access to the Key Distribution Center (KDC), a machine that issues Kerberos tickets (sometimes called a Ticket Granting Server or TGS).

  - Admin Server - this option allows you to access a server running kadmind.

- Enable SMB Authentication - Sets up PAM to use an SMB server to authenticate users. You must supply two pieces of information here:

  - SMB Server - Indicates which SMB server your workstation will connect to for authentication.

  - SMB Workgroup - Indicates which workgroup the configured SMB servers are in.

### Selecting Package Groups

Select the package (application) groups that you want to install. To select a package group, click on the check box beside it.

To select individual packages, check the Select Individual Packages box at the bottom of the screen.

### Selecting Individual Packages

You can choose to view the individual packages in tree view or flat view.

Tree view allows you to see the packages grouped by application type.

Flat view allows you to see all of the packages in an alphabetical listing which will appear on the right of the screen.

Using Tree view, you will see a listing of package groups. When you expand this list and pick one group, the list of packages in that group will appear in the panel on the right.

To sort alphabetically, click on the Package tab. To sort packages by size, click on the Size (MB) tab.

To select an individual package, click on the check box beside the package name. A check mark in the box means that a package has been selected.

For more information about a specific package, click on the individual package name. The package information will appear at the bottom of the screen.

You can also select or deselect all packages listed within a particular group, by clicking on the Select all in group or Unselect all in group buttons.

### Unresolved Dependencies

Many software packages depend on other packages or libraries in order to work correctly. To make sure your system has all the packages it needs in order to work, &RHL; checks these package dependencies each time you install or remove a package. If one package requires another package that has not been installed, unresolved dependencies exist.

One or more packages you have selected have unresolved dependencies. You can resolve this by selecting Install Packages to Satisfy Dependencies. You can also choose not to install any packages listed with dependencies or to ignore the dependencies.

### Monitor Selection

The installation program will now attempt to detect your monitor to determine your machine's best display settings. If the monitor cannot be detected, choose the monitor that best matches the model attached to this computer from the monitors listed.

You may also enter the horizontal and vertical synchronization ranges for your monitor. These values can be found in the documentation for your display. Be careful when entering these values; if you enter values that fall outside the capabilities of your equipment, you can cause damage to your display. Only enter numbers in these fields if the values in your manual do not match selections in the monitor list and you are certain you have the correct values from your documentation.

If you decide that the values you have selected are incorrect, you can click the Restore original values button to return to the suggested probed settings.

### Video Configuration

Although, the installation program probes to determine the best video card for your system, you can choose another video card if needed.

Once you have selected your video card, choose the amount of video RAM present on your card.

If you decide that the values you have selected are incorrect, use the Restore original values button to return to the suggested probed settings.

You can also choose to Skip X Configuration if you would rather configure X after the installation or not at all.

### Custom X Configuration

Choose the correct color depth and resolution for your X configuration. Click Test Setting to try out this configuration. If you do not like what you are presented with while testing, click No to choose another resolution.

Color Depth is the number of distinct colors that can be represented by a piece of hardware or software.

Screen Resolution is the the number of dots (pixels) on the entire screen.

If you installed both GNOME and KDE, you can choose which one you would like to be your default desktops environment. Otherwise, it will only show GNOME or KDE as the desktop default.

You can also choose whether you want to boot your system into a text or graphical environment once &RHL; is installed. Unless you have special needs, booting into a graphical environment (similar to a Windows environment) is recommended. If you choose to boot into a text environment, you will be presented with a command prompt (similar to a DOS environment).

### About to Install

`Caution:` Once you click Next, the installation program will begin writing the &RHL; operating system to your hard drive. This process cannot be undone. If you have decided not to install &RHL;, this is the last point at which you can abort the installation process.

To abort this installation, remove all &RHL; media, and press your computer's `Reset` button or reset using Control Alt Delete .

### About to Upgrade

`Caution:` Once you click Next, the installation program will begin writing the &RHL; operating system to your hard drive. This process cannot be undone. If you have decided not to install &RHL;, this is the last point at which you can abort the installation process.

To abort this upgrade, remove all &RHL; media, and press your computer's `Reset` button or reset using Control Alt Delete.

### Installing Packages

We have gathered all the information needed to install &RHL; on your system. It may take a while to install everything, depending on how many packages need to be installed.

### Boot Disk Creation

Insert a blank, formatted diskette into your floppy drive, and click Next to continue.

### Upgrading Your Swap Partition

Upgrading your swap partition is not necessary for all upgrades. You have reached this screen because the installation program has determined you do not have enough memory to continue with the installation.

Here you can choose to create a swap file on your hard disk. The swap file is treated as virtual memory and enhances the performance of your system.

If you do not want to create a swap file during this upgrade, you may want to consider aborting the installation and creating the necessary file on your own.

To create a swap file, select the button beside Create a swap file.

Next, using your mouse, select the partition where the swap file will reside.

Enter the size of the swap file (in MB) in the field provided.